Stage 2 PSI · NDT Investigation · Singapore
When Stage 1 finds structural defects, Stage 2 provides the detailed investigation needed to determine severity, cause, and required remediation — using NDT testing, sampling, and structural analysis.
When Stage 2 Is Required
Stage 2 is not automatic — it is only required when Stage 1 identifies structural defects or conditions that cannot be adequately assessed through visual inspection alone. Triggers include significant cracking in structural members, substantial concrete spalling with exposed rebar, suspected foundation settlement, or evidence of deep carbonation.
The PE specifies exactly which tests are needed and why, based on Stage 1 findings. We will never recommend Stage 2 unless the structural evidence genuinely warrants it.
Hammer sounding — detects delamination. Carbonation depth testing — reveals how deep carbonation has penetrated toward the rebar. Cover meter survey — measures concrete cover over reinforcement. Half-cell potential — assesses active corrosion probability. Concrete core sampling — determines actual compressive strength. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) — non-intrusive subsurface mapping.
Stage 2 fees are quoted separately after Stage 1 findings are known. A targeted NDT exercise typically costs S$1,500–S$3,500. A full investigation with structural calculations may cost S$6,000–S$20,000 depending on scope. See full pricing →
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